One of two traditional methods of paper making (nagashi-zuki or tame-zuki) is employed. This is traditionally neri, which is a mucilaginous material made from the roots of the tororo aoi plant, or PEO, polyethylene oxide. Wet balls of pulp are mixed in a vat with water and a formation aid to help keep the long fibers spread evenly. The product is laid on a rock or board and beaten. The fibers are then bleached (either with chemicals or naturally, by placing it in a protected area of a stream) and any remaining impurities in the fibers are picked out by hand. The fibers are then boiled with lye to remove the starch, fat and tannin, and then placed in running water to remove the spent lye. The mulberry branches are boiled and stripped of their outer bark, and then dried. Paper mulberry is the most commonly used fiber in making Japanese paper. It is traditionally the winter work of farmers, a task that supplemented a farmer's income. Cold also makes the fibres contract, producing a crisp feel to the paper. Cold inhibits bacteria, preventing the decomposition of the fibres. It involves a long and intricate process that is often undertaken in the cold weather of winter, as pure, cold running water is essential to the production of washi. Washi is produced in a way similar to that of ordinary paper, but relies heavily on manual methods. During the Edo period, many books and ukiyo-e prints for the masses made of washi were published using woodblock printing. In the Muromachi period, washi came to be used as ceremonial origami for samurai class at weddings and when giving gifts, and from the Sengoku period to the Edo period, recreational origami such as orizuru developed. The improved washi came to be used to decorate religious ceremonies such as gohei, ōnusa ( ja:大麻 (神道)), and shide at Shinto shrines, and in the Heian period, washi covered with gold and silver leaf beautifully decorated books such as Kokin Wakashu. The paper making technique developed in Japan around 805 to 809 was called nagashi-suki (流し漉き), a method of adding mucilage to the process of the conventional tame-suki (溜め漉き) technique to form a stronger layer of paper fibers. History Washi-making at Ise, Mieīy the 7th century, paper had been introduced to Japan from China via the Korean Peninsula, and the Japanese developed washi by improving the method of making paper in the Heian period. Īs a Japanese craft, it is registered as a UNESCO intangible cultural heritage. Washi is also used to repair historically valuable cultural properties, paintings, and books at museums and libraries around the world, such as the Louvre and the Vatican Museums, because of its thinness, pliability, durability over 1000 years because of its low impurities, and high workability to remove it cleanly with moisture. It was even used to make wreaths that were given to winners in the 1998 Winter Paralympics. Washi was also used to make various everyday goods like clothes, household goods, and toys, as well as vestments and ritual objects for Shinto priests and statues of Buddha. Origami, shodō, and ukiyo-e were all produced using washi. Washi is generally tougher than ordinary paper made from wood pulp, and is used in many traditional arts. Washi ( 和紙) is traditional Japanese paper processed by hand using fibers from the inner bark of the gampi tree, the mitsumata shrub ( Edgeworthia chrysantha), or the paper mulberry ( kōzo) bush. JSTOR ( February 2013) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message).Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. This article needs additional citations for verification. For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation. ![]() You should also add the template to the talk page.A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Japanese Wikipedia article at ] see its history for attribution. You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation.If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article. Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality.Consider adding a topic to this template: there are already 3,682 articles in the main category, and specifying |topic= will aid in categorization. ![]() ![]()
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